Description
Hypsizygus tessulatus, the beech mushroom, is an edible mushroom native to East Asia. It is cultivated locally in temperate climates in Europe, North America and Australia and sold fresh in super markets. In nature, these are gilled mushrooms that grow on wood. Most often the mushroom is found on beech trees, hence the common name. Cultivated versions are often small and thin in appearance and popular in many nations across the world.
© Andrew Khitsun (Andrew)
Hypsizygus tessulatus may be confused with Hypsizygus ulmarius, which grows on elm. A radical alternative view based on ITS DNA barcoding is that all members of the genus are the same species.
Its consistency allows it to be used in soups and stews, the mushroom remains crunchy and firm to the bite even after a long cooking time because it loses hardly any water during preparation.
Collection August 2024
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Properties
Two commercial variations, both originating from Japan, are known:
Buna-shimeji (ja:ブナシメジ), wild type brown coloration. Known as brown beech mushroom, beech mushroom, brown clamshell mushroom;
Bunapi-shimeji (ja:ブナピー) is a white UV-induced mutant of the former, known as white beech mushroom, white clamshell mushroom. The original strain is registered by Hokto Corporation.
At a dose equivalent to 1 gram/kilogram of body weight per day, tumors on mice were 100% inhibited, resulting in complete regression of the tumors. Control groups confirmed that tumor growth was not inhibited in the absence of Hypsizygus tessulatus extract. No studies in humans were reported.
Growing
How to Grow Hypsizygus tessulatus?
Non-sterile on hardwood logs, preferably beech. Sterile as bottle or bag culture. Hypsizygus tessulatus tolerates highly enriched hardwood substrates. A long maturation period in the substrate of at least 9, but better 12-13 weeks is mandatory.
PH Levels
Inoculation Phase
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Spawn Run
–
Fruiting Phase
–
Harvest
–
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S
|
P
|
F
|
|
---|---|---|---|
Temp °C |
21-24 | 10-15 | 13-18 |
Relative Humidity % |
95-100 | 95-100 | (85)90-95 |
Duration d |
30-45 | 7-12 | 5-10 |
CO2 ppm |
>5000 | 500-1000 | 2000-4000 |
FAE per h |
0-1 | 4-8 | 2-4 |
Light lux |
– | 400-600 | 400-600 |
How to Fruit H. tessulatus?
Cropping Cycle
Inoculation Phase
–
Spawn Run
–
Fruiting Phase
2 harvests, 3 weeks apart
Harvest
–
How to make Agar Culture Media?
- Dissolve the malt extract and agar in distilled water.
- Sterilize the solution by autoclaving at 121°C for 15-20 minutes.
- Pour the sterilized media into petri dishes or other containers under sterile conditions.
- The Yeast is optional, but you can add it to any recipe for nutritions, same for Peptone.
MEA
MEA
PDA
-
MPYA
-
PDYA
-
Fruiting Containers
Trays
Tree trunks, mushroom bed, greenhouse ready culture
Bags
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1
-
2
-
Substrate
Rye Berries, grain mix, hardwood: elm, oak, alder, aspen, maple, birch, willow, beech, poplar
Growing Additives
-
Biological efficiencie
-
Sometimes we miss a piece
Growing Chracteristics
successively decomposing, rarely also parasitic
Identification
Natrual Habitat
Hypsizygus tessulatus, the beech mushroom, is an edible mushroom native to East Asia. It is cultivated locally in temperate climates in Europe, North America and Australia and sold fresh in super markets. In nature, these are gilled mushrooms that grow on wood. Most often the mushroom is found on beech trees, hence the common name. Cultivated versions are often small and thin in appearance and popular in many nations across the world.
On dead or living hardwood, preferably beech, usually in groups, large areas, from late summer to late fall.
How to identify Hypsizygus tessulatus
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Cap
2-9 (13) cm Ø
Becomes hemispherical to flat
Rolled on the edge
White, light brown, whitish-ochre,
Brownish when old
Sometimes marbled/matted
Fibrous ingrown
Hymenium
Whitish to yellowish cream
Coherent
Densely packed
Narrowly sloping
Intermediate lamellae
Stipe
3-8 (9) cm long
1-2 (2.5) cm diam
White
Longitudinally white fibrous-feltedniformly thick or slightly clubbed
Dry glabrous or very finely silky
Base with several tufted fruiting bodies
Veil
-
Spores
White
Hemispherical to ovoid
Rather small
4.0 -7 x 3.5 - 5.0µ
Inamyloid
Hyaline in KOH
Basidia 4- sterigma
Pileipellis 2-4 µm
Smooth
Hyphae
Tomentose
Danger of confusion
Marmorierter Holzrasling, Ulmenrasling, Gelbblättriger Rübling, Weißer Büschelrasling, Mehlräsling, Weißer Trichterling, Engblättriger Muscheling, Rillstieliger Seitling, Schuppiger Sägeblättling, Südlicher Ackerling
Consuming
Gorumet Perception
Being tough when raw, the Hypsizygus tessulatus should be cooked, having a bitter taste when raw which disappears completely upon cooking. The cooked mushroom has a firm, slightly crunchy texture and a nutty flavor. Preparation makes the mushroom easier to digest. It is often eaten with stir-fried foods including wild game and seafood. It is used in soups, stews and sauces. When prepared alone, Shimeji mushrooms can be sautéed as a whole, including the stem or stalk (only the very end cut off), using a higher temperature; or, they can be slow roasted on a low temperature with a small amount of butter or cooking oil. Shimeji is used in soups, nabe and takikomi gohan.
Smell
Nutty, mushroomy, spicy pleasant, slightly marzipan or mealy
Taste
Sweetish, mild, nutty to spicy aromatic of anise
Flesh
White, unchanging, thick, tough
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Nutritional content of 100g
Proximates: | |
Water | 89.8g |
Energy (Atwater General Factors) | 40kcal |
Energy (Atwater Specific Factors) | 33kcal |
Nitrogen | 0.35g |
Protein | 2.18g |
Total lipid (fat) | 0.45g |
Ash | 0.76g |
Carbohydrates: | |
Carbohydrate, by difference | 6.76g |
Minerals: | |
Calcium, Ca | 0mg |
Iron, Fe | 0.74mg |
Magnesium, Mg | 10.5mg |
Phosphorus, P | 86mg |
Potassium, K | 376mg |
Sodium, Na | 1mg |
Zinc, Zn | 0.5mg |
Copper, Cu | 73mg |
Manganese, Mn | 156mg |
Selenium, Se | 0.4µg |
Vitamins and Other Components: | |
Thiamin | 8mg |
Riboflavin | 208mg |
Niacin | 6.4mg |
Vitamin B-6 | 105mg |
Biotin | 8mg |
Vitamin D (D2 + D3), International Units | 14.8IU |
Vitamin D (D2 + D3) | 0.37µg |
Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) | 0.37µg |
Vitamin D4 | 0.14µg |
Amino acids: | |
Ergothioneine | 5mg |
© U.S. Department Of Agriculture
Composition
Immunostimulating Compounds
Polysaccharid (β-Glucan)
Function: These complex carbohydrates strengthen the immune system.
Benefit: They are known for their anti-cancer properties and support the body in the fight against tumors.
Lectine
Function: Proteins that bind to specific carbohydrates.
Benefit: They have immunomodulating effects and can inhibit the growth of cancer cells.
Proteoglycans
Function: Molecules that combine proteins and carbohydrates.
Benefit: They support cell communication and have anti-tumor properties.
Antioxidant ingredients
Phenolic compounds
Function: Antioxidants that neutralize free radicals.
Benefit: They protect cells from damage caused by oxidative stress and have anti-inflammatory properties.
Selenium
Function: An essential trace element with an antioxidant effect.
Benefit: It supports the immune system and protects against cell damage.
Fatty acids
Linoleic acid
Function: An essential fatty acid required in the diet.
Benefit: It helps reduce inflammation and supports cardiovascular health.
Unique/Important Ingredients
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Vitamin-Rich Components
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other names
other names
Chinesisch (traditionell) | 蟹味菇 |
Chinesisch (vereinfacht) | 蟹味菇 |
Englisch |
Beech Mushroom
|
Finnisch |
pisamarunkokynsikäs
|
Französisch |
Shimédji du hêtre
|
Russisch |
Гипсизигус шахматный
|
Tschechisch | líha rozpukaná |
Wissenschaftl. Name |
Hypsizygus tessellatus
|
Wissenschaftl. Name |
Hypsizygus tessulatus
|
Wissenschaftl. Name |
Pleurotus ulmarius
|
Buna-Shimeji, Yamabiko Hon-Shimeji, Tamo - Motashi , Buchenrasling, Buchenpilz, Weißer Buchenpilz, Buna-Shimeji, Buchenholzrasling, Hypsizygus Tessulatus, Pleurocybella Tessulata, Pleurotus Ulmarius Sensu, Dendrosarcus Tessulatus, Tricholoma Tessulatum, Pleurotus Tessulatus, Agaricus Tessulatus
Taxonomical Hierarchy
Kingdom | Fungi |
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Division | Basidiomycota |
Class | Basidiomycetes |
Order | Agaricales |
Family | Tricholomataceae |
Genus | Hypzisigus |
Species | Hypzisigus tessellatus white |
Ecology | Saprotrophic |
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